36 Strategi Perang Ala Sun Tzu

Aku Moved ke sini ya...

Karena ini lebih ke ajaran soal kehidupan.

Dari sisi sejarah sendiri, bukti keberadaan Sun Tzu itu masih samar2, antara ada dan tiada. Dari awal kitab ini ditemukan, tidak banyak sumber yang bisa memastikan siapa sebenarnya Sun Tzu atau Sun Tzi. Walaupun pada akhirnya ada yang menghubungkan Sun Tzu dengan Sun Pin yang dinyatakan sebagai keturunannya. Sun Pin adalah pengarang kitab seni perang.

Soal 36 strategi ini pun, tidak bisa serta merta diklaim dan dihubungkan dengan Sun Tzu, karena 36 strategi ini ada dijaman 3 negara, sedangnkan jika benar Sun Pin adalah keturunan Sun Tzu, maka Sun Tzu hidup pada "Periode Musim Semi Dan Gugur"

Jadi thread aku move ya? Karena sekali lagi 36 strategi ini lebih ke soal filsafat kehidupan.

Buku soal perang yang benar2 perang yang dihubungkan dengan Sun Tzu adalah Sun Zi Bingfa yang terdiri dari 13 Bab.

-dipi-
 
masih masuk ke pembahasan sejarah non.. hanya aja gw lebih fleksibel untuk sedikit memakainya juga dalam kehidupan sehari2..

banyak kandungan sejarah yang bisa dibahas dan diteliti kembali yang menjadikan alasan Sun Tzu membuat 36 strategi perang ini..

terlepas dari benar atau tidaknya keberadaan Sun Tzu.. hal itu hanya bisa dibahas jika thread ini tetap berada dalam forum sejarah..

mohon dipertimbangkan kembali atas pemindahan threadnya..
 
Ok Mas...aku balikin ke History, ya...

Sambil kita bahas, sebenarnya karya Sun Tzu itu yang mana...karena selama ini banyak yang salah persepsi antara 36 sajak perang (sering disebut 36 strategi perang) dan 13 bab Sun Zi Bingfa


-dipi-
 
Ok...kita bahas soal 36 strategi perang ini dulu ya...:)

Seperti yang sudah aku tulis di atas, 36 strategi perang ini sudah disalah persepsikan oleh banyak orang bahkan sampai pada penyusunan sebuah buku.

Artinya, 36 strategi perang ini tidak bisa dihubungkan dengan Sun Tzu, karena 36 strategi perang (lebih tepatnya 36 Sajak Perang) ini muncul ketika China berada pada jaman tiga kerajaan/negara (Three Kingdom Period), sedangkan jika ditelusuri dari Sun Pin atau Sun Bin, yang konon katanya cucu dari Sun Tzu, maka Sun tzu itu hidup pada saat China memasuki fase Periode Musim Semi dan gugur atau Spring and Autumn Period.

Menurut Sejarah China sendiri, 36 sajak perang ini lebih banyak dihubungkan dengan Zhuge Liang, perdana mentri sekaligus Panglima perang Liu Bei dari kerajaan Shu.

Sedangkan Sun Tzu itu sendiri, terlepas perdebatan soal keberadaan dia, mengarang buku atau kitab perang yang disebut Sun Zi Bingfa, yang mana terdiri dari 13 Bab, dan dikalangan sejarawan barat lebih dikenal dengan sebutan The art of war, dan isinya sama sekali berbeda dengan yang ada pada 36 sajak perang

Kebetulan aku ada buku versi terjemahan bahasa Inggris, dan garis besar dari isinya adalah sbb:

1. Section I: Laying Plans
2. Section II: Waging War
3. Section III: Attack by Stratagem
4. Section IV: Tactical Dispositions
5. Section V: Energy
6. Section VI: Weak Points and Strong
7. Section VII: Maneuvering
8. Section VIII: Variation in Tactics
9. Section IX: The Army on the March
10. Section X: Terrain
11. Section XI: The Nine Situations
12. Section XII: The Attack by Fire
13. Section XIII: The Use of Spies

Karena terlalu banyak, aku kutipkan aja secara garis besar yang ada pada Section I
Section I: Laying Plans
  1. Sun Tzu said: The art of war is of vital importance to the State.
  2. It is a matter of life and death, a road either to safety or to ruin. Hence it is a subject of inquiry which can on no account be neglected.
  3. The art of war, then, is governed by five constant factors, to be taken into account in one's deliberations, when seeking to determine the conditions obtaining in the field.
  4. These are:
    1. The Moral Law;
    2. Heaven;
    3. Earth;
    4. The Commander;
    5. Method and discipline.
  5. The Moral Law causes the people to be in complete accord with their ruler, so that they will follow him regardless of their lives, undismayed by any danger.
  6. Heaven signifies night and day, cold and heat, times and seasons.
  7. Earth comprises distances, great and small; danger and security; open ground and narrow passes; the chances of life and death.
  8. The Commander stands for the virtues of wisdom, sincerity, benevolence, courage and strictness.
  9. By method and discipline are to be understood the marshaling of the army in its proper subdivisions, the graduations of rank among the officers, the maintenance of roads by which supplies may reach the army, and the control of military expenditure.
  10. These five heads should be familiar to every general: he who knows them will be victorious; he who knows them not will fail.
  11. Therefore, in your deliberations, when seeking to determine the military conditions, let them be made the basis of a comparison, in this wise:
    1. Which of the two sovereigns is imbued with the Moral law?
    2. Which of the two generals has most ability?
    3. With whom lie the advantages derived from Heaven and Earth?
    4. On which side is discipline most rigorously enforced?
    5. Which army is stronger?
    6. On which side are officers and men more highly trained?
    7. In which army is there the greater constancy both in reward and punishment?
  13. By means of these seven considerations I can forecast victory or defeat.
  14. The general that hearkens to my counsel and acts upon it, will conquer: let such a one be retained in command! The general that hearkens not to my counsel nor acts upon it, will suffer defeat:--let such a one be dismissed!
  15. While heeding the profit of my counsel, avail yourself also of any helpful circumstances over and beyond the ordinary rules.
  16. According as circumstances are favorable, one should modify one's plans.
  17. All warfare is based on deception.
  18. Hence, when able to attack, we must seem unable; when using our forces, we must seem inactive; when we are near, we must make the enemy believe we are far away; when far away, we must make him believe we are near.
  19. Hold out baits to entice the enemy. Feign disorder, and crush him.
  20. If he is secure at all points, be prepared for him. If he is in superior strength, evade him.
  21. If your opponent is of choleric temper, seek to irritate him. Pretend to be weak, that he may grow arrogant.
  22. If he is taking his ease, give him no rest. If his forces are united, separate them.
  23. Attack him where he is unprepared, appear where you are not expected.
  24. These military devices, leading to victory, must not be divulged beforehand.
  25. Now the general who wins a battle makes many calculations in his temple ere the battle is fought. The general who loses a battle makes but few calculations beforehand. Thus do many calculations lead to victory, and few calculations to defeat: how much more no calculation at all! It is by attention to this point that I can foresee who is likely to win or lose.

Source: Book The Art of War by Sun Tzu, Translated from the Chinese by Lionel Giles, M.A. (1910)
Click to expand...

Selanjutnya nanti kita bahas soal 36 strategi perang/36 sajak perang dan soal siapa itu Sun Tzu...:)


-dipi-
 
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